@article{oai:jaxa.repo.nii.ac.jp:00022639,
 author = {庭野, 匡思 and 青木, 輝夫 and 的場, 澄人 and 山口, 悟 and 谷川, 朋範 and 朽木, 勝幸 and 本山, 秀明 and Niwano, Masashi and Aoki, Teruo and Matoba, Sumito and Yamaguchi, Satoru and Tanikawa, Tomonori and Kuchiki, Katsuyuki and Motoyama, Hideaki},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {The Cryosphere},
 month = {May},
 note = {The surface energy balance (SEB) from 30 June to 14 July 2012 at site SIGMA (Snow Impurity and Glacial Microbe effects on abrupt warming in the Arctic)-A, (78 deg 03 min N, 67 deg 38 min W; 1490 m a.s.l.) on the northwest Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) was investigated by using in situ atmospheric and snow measurements as well as numerical modeling with a one-dimensional multi-layered physical snowpack model called SMAP (Snow Metamorphism and Albedo Process). At SIGMA-A, remarkable near-surface snowmelt and continuous heavy rainfall (accumulated precipitation between 10 and 14 July was estimated to be 100 mm) were observed after 10 July 2012. Application of the SMAP model to the GrIS snowpack was evaluated based on the snow temperature profile, snow surface temperature, surface snow grain size, and shortwave albedo, all of which the model simulated reasonably well. Above all, the fact that the SMAP model successfully reproduced frequently observed rapid increases in snow albedo under cloudy conditions highlights the advantage of the physically based snow albedo model (PBSAM) incorporated in the SMAP model. Using such data and model, we estimated the SEB at SIGMA-A from 30 June to 14 July 2012. Radiation-related fluxes were obtained from in situ measurements, whereas other fluxes were calculated with the SMAP model. By examining the components of the SEB, we determined that low-level clouds accompanied by a significant temperature increase played an important role in the melt event observed at SIGMA-A. These conditions induced a remarkable surface heating via cloud radiative forcing in the polar region., 形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: PA1610008000},
 pages = {971--988},
 title = {Numerical simulation of extreme snowmelt observed at the SIGMA-A site, northwest Greenland, during summer 2012},
 volume = {9},
 year = {2015}
}