{"created":"2023-06-20T15:04:04.627855+00:00","id":33284,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"1f3a0c50-5d1e-4a5c-a465-2a257b76d704"},"_deposit":{"created_by":1,"id":"33284","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"33284"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:jaxa.repo.nii.ac.jp:00033284","sets":["1887:1890","1896:1898:1899:1911"]},"author_link":["416139","416146","416143","416145","416144","416141","416140","416142"],"item_9_alternative_title_2":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"Development of solid-state detectors for measurements of 1-100keV electrons"}]},"item_9_biblio_info_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2003-09","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"55","bibliographicPageStart":"1","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"128","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"宇宙科学研究所報告"}]}]},"item_9_description_16":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"地球磁気圏はダイナミックな現象に富んでいるが，その中でも高温のプラズマシートの成因と粒子加速・過熱過程の解明は宇宙空間物理学における重要な問題である．1keVから100keVというエネルギー帯は，プラズマシート電子において熱的なスペクトル構造から非熱的なものへと移行を示す特徴的な領域であり，このエネルギー帯での電子計測は磁気圏におけるプラズマ加速・過熱メカニズムの本質に迫る上で直接的な手がかりとなりうる．その重要性にもかかわらず，1keVから100keVの電子は今日までは検出素子の技術上の問題から観測のギャップ領域となっており，正確に測定することが難しかった．従ってこの領域の電子をターゲットにした観測を行うことは新しい観測領域の開拓であり，またこれまで行われてきた観測の信頼性を問う点においても非常に有意義である．本研究の目的は，APD (Avalanche Photodiode) という素子をこのエネルギー帯の電子計測に応用し，その穴を埋めようとすることである．本論文の構成を以下に記す．　第１章ではこの1-100keV電子の観測意義について過去の研究結果も交えて議論した上で，2次電子増倍管，アバランシェ増倍のない固体検出素子という今日の電子計測技術と，それに付随する検出効率やノイズ対策という問題点を取り上げる．第2章では本研究で1-100keV電子を的確な有感領域内で測定できるという結論に至ったAPD素子の原理について，理論的な面から紹介する．APDは固体検出素子（SSD)の一種である．内部の高電界に起因するオージェ過程を介した衝突電離により雪崩的に信号電荷を増倍させ，常温でも高S/N計測が可能である．一方で高電界稼働によるノイズの付加もあり，S/Nに制限を与えている．　第3章ではX線を使った浜松ホトニクス製APD(Z7966-20)の較正実験結果を示す．^55Fe線源の5.9keV輝線のピークを捉えることに成功し，雪崩増倍を経た後でも電離放射線のエネルギー分解を行えることがわかった．ピークの分解能の推移から，以下の実験における印加バイアス電圧を151Vとした．　第4章では1-100keV電子と検出器固体との相互作用について論じる．モンテカルロ法による計算機シミュレーションコードを開発し，入射電子の内部過程を再現して軌道を解いた．　そして第5章では目標であったAPDによる5keVから20keV電子ビーム計測の基礎実験結果を示すとともに，計測時の分解能を決めている物理について議論する．電子は入射エネルギーに対して直線性をもって計測され，APDによってX線と同様に電子もエネルギー分解が可能であることがわかった．また分解能は12keVにおいて最もよい結果が得られた．低エネルギー電子に対しピーク形成を決めているのは不感層の厚みであり，分解能には内部の生成電荷による空間電荷効果が影響を及ぼしている可能性がある．電子計測実験の最後にCEMとの比較実験を示す．APDは20keVの電子に対してはCEMの3倍の効率で計測が可能であり，CEMに代わって高い効率で1-100keV電子を計測できる可能性が拓けた．最後に第6章では，本研究のまとめと将来の探査衛星への応用を見据えた課題について検討する．","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_description_17":{"attribute_name":"抄録（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Information on energy spectra of 1-100 keV electrons is expected to provide an important clue to understand heating and acceleration processes of magnetospheric plasmas. However, the distribution functions in the transition range of thermal (several keV) energies are not well known observationally owing to problems in the measurement technique to detect these electrons with high reliability by using a solid-state APD (Avalanche PhotoDiode) detector instead of the conventional ones. The APD is a kind of o-n junction semiconductor with an internal gain due to the avalanche amplification of electron-hole pairs in the strong electric field within its depletion region, which is usually applied for photoelectronic devices. To begin with, we have measured characteristic X-rays from Fe 55(5.9keV) in order to calibrate the APD. Secondly, for a fundamental experiment to detect electrons, we have set up an electron gun, which can generate 1-20keV electron beams impinging onto the APD (Type Z7966-20, Hamamatsu Photonics Co.Ltd.) in vacuum chamber. The experimental result shows that the pulse height distribution from the APD signal exhibits a significant peak for the electrons with energies above 8keV, and positions of the peaks shows a good linearity, with which incident electron energies can be highly resolved. The energy resolution slightly depends on the incident electron energy. Tor low-energy electrons (lower than 10keV), it has a characteristic tail on the low energy side, while for incident electrons at higher energies (near 20keV) the energy resolution gets a little worse and the position of the peak appears at slightly lower channel than expected. Qualitatively, the low-energy tail features can be caused by the dead-layer on the surface of the device and its inhomogeneity. Nonlinearity and worse resolution of high-energy peaks may have caused by a space-charge effect of created e-h pairs. For the quantitative understanding, we have developed a Monte Carlo particle simulation of charge transport and collection inside the APD. We have also done a comparative experiment between APD and CEM (Burle industry Co.Ltd.) in terms of detection efficiency. Promisingly, this APD shows a better efficiency, compared to CEM, at higher energies than 5keV and nearly three times higher efficiency at 20keV. Finally we discuss countermeasures for applications of the APD in Space, such as the temperature response and radiation damage, as well as extension of the energy range and enlargement of the detectable area.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_9_description_32":{"attribute_name":"資料番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"資料番号: SA0200057000","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_9_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"宇宙科学研究所"}]},"item_9_publisher_9":{"attribute_name":"出版者（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"Institute of Space and Astronautical Science"}]},"item_9_source_id_21":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0285-2853","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_9_source_id_24":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00354474","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_9_text_6":{"attribute_name":"著者所属","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"宇宙科学研究所太陽系プラズマ研究系"},{"subitem_text_value":"宇宙科学研究所太陽系プラズマ研究系"},{"subitem_text_value":"宇宙科学研究所太陽系プラズマ研究系"},{"subitem_text_value":"宇宙科学研究所太陽系プラズマ研究系"}]},"item_9_text_7":{"attribute_name":"著者所属（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_language":"en","subitem_text_value":"Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)"},{"subitem_text_language":"en","subitem_text_value":"Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)"},{"subitem_text_language":"en","subitem_text_value":"Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)"},{"subitem_text_language":"en","subitem_text_value":"Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"小笠原, 桂一"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"淺村, 和史"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"齋藤, 義文"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"向井, 利典"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Ogasawara, Keiichi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Asamura, Kazushi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Saito, Yoshifumi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Mukai, Toshifumi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2020-01-24"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"SA0200057.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"3.4 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"SA0200057.pdf","url":"https://jaxa.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/33284/files/SA0200057.pdf"},"version_id":"8ba314dd-d670-457f-9919-62636364a9d2"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"固体検出器による1-100keV電子計測技術の研究","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"固体検出器による1-100keV電子計測技術の研究"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"1","path":["1890","1911"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2015-03-26"},"publish_date":"2015-03-26","publish_status":"0","recid":"33284","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["固体検出器による1-100keV電子計測技術の研究"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-21T00:11:27.447980+00:00"}