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内容記述 |
On the Psychological Study of Complex Controlling Action Conducted by Indicating Devices of Different Principles. By K. Tomiduka, K. Hunadu and G. Onoue.-The mental work of the operator which is the most important factor in controlling any modern high speed organ of communication is materially a very complex choice reaction. The object of this study is to measure precisely the choice reaction time, and to obtain the law governing the relation between the gross choice reaction time and number of choices handled. For this purpose a new apparatus is designed, which is as shown in the Figs. 1, 2, and 3 equipped with 5 units of choice, each consisting of a controlling device connected electrically with corresponding indicating device. Setting the problem is accomplished only by shifting the switch; exposure of the indication is done by removing the blind in front of the latter, this in turn closes the circuit of the electromagnet and the needle of chronoscope starts. The subject must endevour to control the handle exactly in direction that the indicating device suggests him. If the solution is correctly done, the second electoromagnet presses the second press button of the chronoscope and thus gross time required to complete the solution is measured. Mechanical lag is almost fully eliminated. 8 different systems are already investigated, their relative merits are clearly quantitatively estimated. The law between choice reaction time T_c and number of choices x is found to be simple and can be expressed as follows T_c=a+bx^n, a being A constant determined by the mode of starting the mental work, b and n being personal constant. Approximate numerical expression for one system of choice of moderate easiness is T_c=-0.13+0.48x, being linear relation. When units of choice becomes 5, it is indicated that T_c amounts over 2 seconds, not insignificant quantity in handling high speed machines. |
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