@techreport{oai:jaxa.repo.nii.ac.jp:00045333,
 author = {西村, 允 and 松井, 昭彦 and NISHIMURA, Makoto and MATSUI, Akihiko},
 month = {Jul},
 note = {Tribological properties of solid lubricant films, wear life in particular, depend on film/substrate adherence which is, in turn, dependent on the cleanliness of a substrate. Even after through cleaning by various solvents, a trace of antirust oil can remain on a steel surface and prevent strong adhesion of a film to a substrate. Thus the importance of effective cleaning is recognized. Bearing steels protected by an oil film containing barium sulphonate as an antirust agent were subjected to a variety of cleaning procedures using various solvents and alkaline cleaners. Types and levels of contamination caused by the oil, and by cleaners as well, were measured by use of an XPS apparatus. Obtined results are summarized as follows: (1)All cleaning procedures tested failed to remove an antirust agent layer from surfaces of bearing steel. Procedures including alkaline cleaners provided an exception: They were able to expose steel surfaces completely. (2)Contaminations with Na and C-OH were confirmed on steel surfaces after they were treated by alkaline cleaning. These contaminants were taken away by ultrasonic cleaning with ethanol. (3)Vapor degreasing with isopropanol caused carbon contamination. (4)The thickness of an antirust agent layer which remains on a bearing surface even after through cleaning with solvents is estimated to be about 2nm. This corresponds to the thickness of a single molecular layer of barium sulphonate., 資料番号: NALTR1074000, レポート番号: NAL TR-1074},
 title = {Effective Cleaning of Oil-Protected Bearing Steel Examined by XPS Analysis-Part 1-Cleaning by Solvents and Alkaline Cleaners},
 year = {1990}
}