{"created":"2023-06-20T14:39:19.878695+00:00","id":6074,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"20c88709-454e-4ef9-9244-984c61d41a6a"},"_deposit":{"created_by":1,"id":"6074","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"6074"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:jaxa.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006074","sets":["1887:1893","9:789:1031:1032"]},"author_link":["30293","30294"],"item_3_alternative_title_2":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"FY2005 Research and Development Report on Neurophysiology Research Project at ISS Science Project Group"}]},"item_3_biblio_info_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2006-03-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicVolumeNumber":"JAXA-SP-05-040","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"宇宙航空研究開発機構特別資料"},{"bibliographic_title":"JAXA Special Publication","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_3_description_16":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"重力が生体信号に変換され、様々な生体内情報伝達過程を経て、筋骨格系に影響を及ぼすまでのメカニズムを解明し、その成果から、宇宙酔い、筋萎縮、骨量減少など、宇宙環境に特有の症状を克服する手段を開発するために、神経生理研究プロジェクトとして以下の課題を実施している。(1)骨格筋繊維と脊髄運動ニューロンが、微小重力への暴露とその後の運動によりどのような影響を受けるのかを運動神経の大きさや酸化系酵素の活性、遺伝子発現の変化、免疫組織化学による筋繊維タイプの同定、筋繊維タイプ毎の横断面積から解析して、微小重力による筋萎縮のメカニズムを解明して筋萎縮に対するカウンターメジャー開発につなげていく。本年度は、後肢懸垂を施すことによって生じた神経・筋の萎縮や変性が、その後の回復期に行う走運動によりどのように改善するのかを検討した。加負荷を伴う走運動は、神経・筋の萎縮や変性を効果的に改善することが明らかになった。(2)身体平衡維持に大きな役割を持つ前庭神経系が、微小重力環境においてどのように変化するのかを遺伝子・タンパク質発現の変化をバイオインフォーマティクスの手法を用いて解析し、どのような分子メカニズムが働いて生体が新しい重力環境に適応していくのかを中枢神経系全体を通して明らかしていく。本年度は、ラットの末梢前庭で発現変化がみられた遺伝子について、モデル生物である線虫(C. elegans)でも類似の遺伝子が見つかり、それがどのような変化を起こしているかを検討した。発現に生物種間で違いが見られ、哺乳類と線虫の重力感知機構の違い(遺伝子発現の相違)や、異なる重力下にさらした期間の長さの違いによる生物適応の相違があると考えられた。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_3_description_32":{"attribute_name":"資料番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"資料番号: AA0049801000","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_3_description_33":{"attribute_name":"レポート番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"レポート番号: JAXA-SP-05-040","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_3_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"宇宙航空研究開発機構"}]},"item_3_publisher_9":{"attribute_name":"出版者（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 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